According to the report, social media is “an important outlet for alternative and critical perspectives.”2, According to the 2020 Digital News Report, Turkey tops the list of countries where internet users follow the news through videos online, with 95 percent of respondents watching news videos weekly. There are a wide range of blogs and websites through which citizens question and criticize the Turkish political arena and its leaders. Thus, the opposition party has been forced to find new ways to inform the public. Found insideInstructions for identifying 40 species of ducks, geese and swans. India suffered the biggest economic impact in the world in 2020 due to Internet shutdowns, adding up to 8,927 hours and $2.8 billion losses. According to the Journalists Union of Turkey (TGS), a total of 85 journalists are imprisoned in Turkey as of March 2020 (see also C7).1. Now Trump wants to shut down the internet because he can't stand . Does the government place restrictions on anonymous communication or encryption? The communication clampdown over the past six months in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir has crippled research activity in academic and scientific institutions . The boom in LEO satellites will probably change the lives of customers who've struggled for high-speed internet - b. . Cameroon govt sued over internet shutdown in Anglophone regions. Any of the government's efforts to ban Bitcoin would be "foolish," said Hester Peirce (aka "Crypto Mom"), a very Bitcoin-friendly commissioner at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), during a MarketWatch virtual conference earlier this week. For example, during a live coverage of the post-earthquake response in Elazığ, a local resident being interviewed had the microphone taken from him after thanking mayor of Istanbul Ekrem İmamoğlu, a member of the opposition.5. Turkey condemns the terrorist attack on Muslims in central Nigeria. Of the 21 countries that curbed Web access last year, as per a report by the UK-based privacy and security research firm Top10VPN, the economic impact seen in India was more than double the combined cost for the next 20 countries in the list. New US sanction on Iran for internet shutdown Nov 23, 2019 @ 7:41 Diane Shalem 1119 Views 1 Comment Washington Friday targeted Iran's science and communications minister Mohammed Jawad Azuri Jaharomi for a personal sanction, after he ordered the internet to be blacked out during the popular fuel riots last week. In addition, access providers must file the data together with a time stamp and provide assistance and support to the TİB (now the BTK) in monitoring internet traffic. Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. 6532 (see C5) forces public and private bodies—including but not limited to banks, archives, private companies, and professional organizations, such as bar associations—to provide the MİT with any requested data, documents, or information regarding certain crimes related to national security, state secrets, and espionage. Internet cafés are subject to regulation as well. Furthermore, the powers of the National Intelligence Organization (MİT) to conduct surveillance were expanded under Law No. 19:34 . Turkish users rely on online publications for news, despite the country’s restrictive legal environment and self-censorship. Turkey arrests pro-Kurdish party leaders amid claims of internet shutdown This article is more than 4 years old Selahattin Demirtaş, HDP co-leader known as the 'Kurdish Obama', held with at . Other news sites blocked are Ahval News (blocked in early 2018) and Haberdar (blocked in 2016), which remained inaccessible during the coverage period. 3 weeks ago 3110. Social media users were also targeted for criticizing the president. July 23, 2021 01:15. The report found that the country’s media was the most saturated with fake news globally.17 According to the 2019 Digital News Report, while public trust in news overall improved to 46 percent, there was less trust in progovernment news sources.18, Media coverage regarding the Kurdish-populated southeastern region is heavily influenced by the government. Follow @arabnews. In Kenya, there were at least two reported internet disruptions in 2020 after two telecommunications towers were destroyed in Mandera County by the Somali armed group, al-Shabab. In addition, these commercial providers are required to install a video surveillance system to identify users and retain such records for seven days. Censorship of prominent local news sites, as well as government influence in coverage, make information-gathering even more difficult in the Kurdish-majority southeastern region. Night vision helicopter joins efforts to extinguish Turkey wildfires. VPN Service Turkey aims to improve ties with Egypt, UAE . Until now, Afghans have been able to use the internet more or less free of censorship and government control . Internet Censorship is Damaging the Digital Economy, Browser Security Hole May Allow Real IP Leak, Why TorGuard has Removed all Russian Servers. DUBAI: Mobile phone internet service in Iran is being disrupted a week into protests in the country's southwest over water shortages, a monitoring group . It’s not likely that Turkey will drastically change its view on free speech and the spread of information. Under Turkish law, the interception of electronic communications had fallen under the purview of the TİB (now the BTK). Found insideThe best country-by-country assessment of human rights. The human rights records of more than ninety countries and territories are put into perspective in Human Rights Watch's signature yearly report. Social media posts were used for a smear campaign by progovernment media and troll armies, who engaged in the targeted harassment of march-goers through insults and online attacks.11. Do online journalists, commentators, and ordinary users practice self-censorship? Yet over the course of 2020, 29 countries intentionally shut down or slowed their internet communications at least 155 times, according to a new report published by Access Now, a non-profit digital rights group. The book, a project from the OpenNet Initiative (ONI), a collaboration of the Citizen Lab at the University of Toronto's Munk Centre for International Studies, Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet and Society, and the SecDev Group, offers ... The first ever tweet was sent eight years ago today. This protocol was approved by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). A bylaw approved during the coverage period allows the Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) to regulate content, including streaming services (see B6).8Appeals to content restriction decisions are rarely effective. Many journalists, activists, and ordinary citizens faced arrest in retaliation for criticism of the war in Syria and other government policies, as well as expressions of Kurdish identity. Susma 24’s 2019 Censorship Report recorded many cases of imprisonment of journalists, fines against media platforms, investigations opened against social media users, and other censorship mechanisms, which are all increasing self-censorship among users, journalists, and content creators.5 During the reporting period many commentators, journalists, bloggers, and academics announced that they abstain from commenting publicly and publishing opinions, and they even obsess about the content of their open talks and lectures.6, Turkey’s Director of Communications of the Presidency published “Social Media Guidelines” for which the director, Dr. Fahrettin Altun, reminded citizens in May 2020, that they should think twice before liking or sharing a post, as they would be held accountable if the post is perceived as criminal (see B5).7. After the reporting period, president Erdoğan approved a new social media law that will further strengthen the regime’s ability to censor online content. Similar to global social media platforms, popular Turkish websites are subject to content removal orders. Found insideGood Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Belarusian journalist Hanna Liubakova, who has been covering the protests in Belarus, told Al Jazeera, “It was very difficult to verify information and do fact-checking because we received a lot of user-generated content.”, “Telegram channels became really important for citizens because that was the only platform that kind of worked a little bit at least,” said Liubakova. Social media platforms were blocked for a short period of time in February when the Turkish military launched airstrikes in northern Syria (see A3). HOUSTON - A bomb threat was emailed to a Texas Right to Life facility in Bellaire, Texas, Friday, which led to an evacuation of the facility.. The constitution and laws of Turkey fail to protect free expression and press freedom online despite including broad protections for freedom of expression theoretically. The online archives of each paper were deleted, as was Zaman’s previous Twitter activity.2 Zaman was one of approximately 130 news outlets that were shut down in July 2016, after the government arrested 89 media workers for alleged ties to the Gülen movement.3 Critical news outlets İleri and dokuz8NEWS lost access to their Twitter accounts two days before the June 23rd repeat Istanbul elections as a result of complaints based on the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) and takedown requests from progovernment trolls (see B5).4 In a similar fashion, critical online broadcasters Babıali TV and KHK TV were blocked on YouTube after receiving numerous complaints from government authorities and Islamist preachers. The MHP claimed that the absence of such a rule allows troll armies and fake profiles to cause victimhood online.6 Deputy of the MHP Halil Öztürk also stated that the proposed bill sought to enforce data localization and prevent the opening of fake profiles to promote terrorist ideologies online, while also safeguarding national data through personal data protection measures.7 Technologist Onur Mat evaluated the data localization attempts that have been brought to public discussion, and believes that, similar to banning YouTube, PayPal or Wikipedia, the restrictions are a detriment to privacy rights and civil society. Found inside – Page 94I used V- Dem's electoral democracy index as the explanatory variable, and Internet censorship as the outcome variable ... and Internet shutdowns as the outcome variable (an average of two DSP variables—government Internet shutdown in ... The government-controlled Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) has been authorized to supervise broadcasts online; platforms are required to pay an annual fee of approximately 100,000 Turkish liras ($17,380) as well as 0.5 percent of their annual sales revenues if they wish to broadcast online. Found insideWith tensions rising with al-Assad and the shutdown of the Internet in Afrin by Turkey, AANES is keenly aware of the technical necessity to implement such an Internet access program as both a tactical short-term necessity for survival ... Internet shutdowns in Indian-administered Kashmir are a regular occurrence, with authorities citing precautionary measures as the main justification. These arrests and others have led to increasing rates of self-censorship online by many users who fear that if they speak out against the government, they too may face prosecution (see B4).31, Limitations on encryption and anonymity are concerns in Turkey. Follow @arabnews. What we know so far from Zambia's elections amid internet shutdown. Although so far these new media platforms have not yet been the target of RTÜK intervention, Netflix was ordered to block access to an episode of Designated Survivor series from Turkey. DUBAI: Mobile phone internet service in Iran is being disrupted a week into protests in the country's southwest over water shortages, a monitoring group . The articles alleged the company’s involvement in embezzlement during the construction of an Istanbul airport. The campaigns attempted to target “immoral” uses of social media and the addictive practices of technological devices. As the Internet shutdown in Kashmir continues, entering its 157th day, valley-based journalists said the ban is, in fact, on the newspapers. But it was not the only one. Torrent VPN According to Güner-Toprak, once Twitter, Facebook and other platforms have local offices in Turkey, as the law would require, they would be obligated to “store user data inside Turkey, and apply all content-removal, access blocking, [and other] measures immediately upon orders.” If they do not comply, they risk losing all user traffic due to narrowing bandwidth.”4 Law professor Dr. Yaman Akdeniz agreed that the proposed legislation is an obvious targeting of social media platforms as it obliges all platforms to openly share user data with the governing authority upon request, and further allow content removal at an upgraded level.5, While the legislative proposal was later updated to remove the articles on social media, the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) filed another draft bill to enforce the use of personal identification numbers issued by the state when signing up for digital services, including social media platforms. After a two-year strained relationship between the Turkish Board of Competition and Google International LLC, in February 2020 the company was fined 98,354,000 Turkish liras ($17,095,700) for abusing its dominant position in the digital search market in Turkey.5 During the process of the investigation, Google Inc. had warned that should they be sanctioned financially by the Turkish authorities, they would stop supplying digital support for smartphones that rely on Android IOS in Turkey, which comprise 90 percent of all smartphones sold in Turkey.6. Stealth VPN As mass protests continue in the country, internet services remain precarious, despite full internet access being restored by authorities in Rakhine and Chin after a military coup last month. In 2020, India topped list of 29 countries that blocked access to the internet despite increased demand during COVID-19. Leanne de Bassompierre. In 2016, the BTK ordered ISPs to ban more than 10 VPN services, as well as the circumvention tool TOR. . The BTK oversees and establishes the domain-name operation policy and its bylaws. @2021 FreedomHouse . During the post-coup state of emergency rule, an online encryption application called “By-Lock” was demonized and used as pretext for long-term pretrial detentions.3 As a result, citizens shy away from using emerging encrypted messaging apps for fear of being accused of engaging in activities that threaten national security. After the 2016 coup attempt, the Directorate of Telecommunication and Communication (TİB), which implemented the country’s website blocking law, was shut down under an emergency decree, and all of its responsibilities were transferred to the BTK.3 The TİB—described by President Erdoğan as “among the places that has all the dirt”—was closed due to suspicions that it was used by Gülen movement as a “headquarters for illegal wiretapping.” (Authorities have declared the movement, led by self-exiled Islamic preacher Fethullah Gülen, a terrorist organization and have blamed it for the 2016 coup attempt. Norway’s left-wing opposition wins election in a landslide, ‘Why are you out?’: Afghan women journalists recall Taliban sweep, Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. Though all legal entities are allowed to operate an ISP, there are some requirements to apply for authorization, pertaining to issues such as the company’s legal status, scope of activity, and shareholders’ qualifications. iPhone VPN He had to flee Turkey (see C7). Turkey condemns the terrorist attack on Muslims in central Nigeria. There are no laws that specifically criminalize online activities like posting one’s opinions, downloading information, sending emails, or transmitting text messages. Check my Torrent IP The vast majority of people in Myanmar, however, rely on fixed . The Free Expression Association, a civil society initiative that lists blocked websites in Turkey, found that more than 288,310 websites were inaccessible as of December 2019, up from about 40,000 in 2013.1 The majority of the newly blocked websites and social media accounts are either related to the Kurdish movement or news outlets critical of the government.2 The BTK was responsible for over 95 percent of the websites blocked.3 Websites can be blocked for “obscenity,” which in the past has included any site with certain keywords relating to sex or sexuality in the domain name. This decision was a result of the local protest over Diyarbakır’s co-mayors, Gültan Kışanak and Fırat Anlı, being detained on “terrorism” charges. Platforms for citizen journalism and volunteer reporting have gained traction in recent years, including 140journos, dokuz8NEWS, and Ötekilerin Postası. Policymaking, regulation, and operations are separated under the basic laws of the telecommunications sector. Despite these guarantees, online journalists and ordinary users frequently face civil and criminal penalties for legitimate expression. Insulting the president online is an offense punishable by up to four years in prison. In addition to India, the governments of Myanmar, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Kyrgyzstan and Vietnam also blocked access to the internet in 2020. 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